| Tutorial |
 |
Tutorial: An elaborate hands-on tutorial to introduce you to a typical daemon - a thermodynamic calculator. |
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Highly recommended for all users, especially the section named My First TEST Solution. |
| Basic
Category |
|
Unit
Converter: A general-purpose unit converter for
engineers and scientists. It can learn from users. Try also the Calculator and traditional Tables and Charts from this page. |
|
General
purpose applets of interest to everyone. |
| Thermal
Radiation |
|
Black-Body
Radiation: Calculate the total, spectral or band
(between any two wavelengths) radiation from a blackbody. |
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Infrared
Radiation From Gases: Calculate the total and
band radiation from a column of CO2, CO or H2O using the wide-band exponential
model. |
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These
utilities involve thermal radiation heat transfer. The subject matters
are covered in Mechanical, Aerospace and Chemical Engineering as well as
in Physics and Chemistry. Many biologists also access some of the applets
in this category. |
| Smart
Thermodynamic Tables |
|
State Daemons Evaluate thermodynamic state of numerous substances - classified into the following material models: (i) solids/liquids, (ii) perfect gas, (iii) ideal gas, (iv) real gas, (v) phase-change (vi) gas mixture. |
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Psychrometric
Table (Moist Air): Used for HVAC calculations.
Dew point temperature below 0oC is now allowed. |
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Steam
Table (H2O), Ammonia (NH3) |
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R-11,
R-12,
R-13,
R-14,
R-21,
R-22,R-114,
R-124,
R-134a,
R-236fa |
, |
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Methane(CH4), Argon(Ar), |
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Ideal
Gases: A wide selection of gases under conditions
that allows ideal-gas assumption to be valid. |
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Ideal
Gas Mixtures: Binary mixture of a wide selection
of ideal gases. |
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Real
Gases: A wide selection of gases under conditions
where the ideal-gas assumption breaks down. The generalized compressibility
chart is used for property calculations. |
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Solids
& Liquids: A wide selection of solids and
liquids. |
|
A
thermodynamic state is a snapshot of all the properties or attributes that
describe a system under equilibrium. Enter the known properties in any
units, click the 'Calculate' button and obtain the complete thermodynamic
state (including phase composition). Evaluate multiple states related to
each other using algebraic expressions (as in a spreadsheet), and plot
thermodynamic diagrams ('T-s', 'p-V' etc.). To pursue 'what-if' scenarios,
change any input variables and update all calculations with the click of
the 'Super-Calculate' button. |
| Energy,
Entropy and Exergy Analysis |
|
Simple
Closed Process: An uniform (a single State can
describe the system at any time)closed system undergoes a process from
a beginning-state to a final-state. |
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Closed
Mixing Process: Two uniform closed systems (e.g.
gases in two tanks) undergo a mixing process from a composite being-state
(bA and bB) to a single final-state. |
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Simple
Open Steady Systems: Analyze an open steady device
with one inlet and one exit. Steady operations of Turbines, steam generators,
condensers, evaporators, pumps, compressors, nozzles, diffusers, duct flow
etc. belong to this category. |
|
Open
Steady Mixing Flows: Analyze an open steady device
with two different flows mixing to create a single flow (two inlets and
one exit) or a single flow separating into two different flows (one inlet
and two exits). Mixing chambers and flash chambers belong to this category. |
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Open
Steady Non-Mixing Flows: Analyze a heat exchanger
with two different flows (i1 and e1 States and i2 and e2 States) that do
not mix. |
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Open
Process: An open system undergoing a process from
a b-State to a f-State as mass is exchanged through an inlet (i-State)
or exit (e-State). Charging (or filling) and discharging (or evacuation)
belong to this category. |
|
Solve
mass, energy and entropy balance equations for a generic thermodynamic
system. Classify the system (open vs. closed etc.) down to the last sub-group
and select the working substance as the last step. Read the Daemons section
of the Tutorial (both Theory and Practice) for effective use of these applets. |
| Specific
Applications |
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Reciprocating
IC Engines: Analyze air-standard closed cycles
such as Otto cycle, Diesel cycle etc. with these applets. |
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Gas
Power Cycles: Analyze air-standard Brayton cycle
(Gas Turbine). |
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Vapor
Power Cycles: Analyze Rankine cycle (Steam Power
Plant)using steam and other working fluids. |
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Gas
and Vapor Refrigeration Cycles: Analyze reverse
Brayton and Rankine cycles for refrigeration (and heat pumps). Choose from
a wide selection of refrigerants. |
|
Air
Conditioning: Analyze air conditioning processes
such as simple heating, cooling, cooling and dehumidification, humidification
etc., using this applet. |
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Combustion Analysis
: Find the air-fuel ratio, balance a
reaction, or do a first and second law analysis of a combustion reaction, premixed or non-premixed. |
|
Chemical Equilibrium Analysis
: Find the equilibrium composition of a gas mixture at any given temperature and pressure, given its initial composition. Calculate the equilibrium flame temperature. If you are familiar with STANJAN or the NASA equilibrium program, you will love the ease of use of this daemon. |
|
Gas
Dynamics: Analyze high speed
flows of gases - isentropic flows through converging/diverging passages, flows with normal shocks, oblique shocks, and Prandtl-Meyer expansion waves. |
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Special
purpose applets for specific topics found in engineering thermodynamics.
Read the Daemons section of the Tutorial (both Theory and Practice) for
effective use of these applets. |
| The
Thermodynamic Apple(t) Tree |
|
The
TEST Tree: This image map organizes the hundreds
of applets found in TEST according to fundamental thermodynamic logic (such
as open vs. closed system, steady vs. unsteady system etc.) into a tree
structure. You may launch a particular applet by simply clicking on a node.
You can solve just about any thermodynamic
problem (at the undergraduate level) and perform parametric studies without
a single line of programming with these applets.
The range of topics includes basic
concepts, evaluation of thermodynamic states, first law of thermodynamics
for closed and open systems, second law of thermodynamics, entropy and
availability analysis, power and refrigeration cycles, generalized charts,
gas mixtures, air conditioning, combustion, chemical equilibrium, and gas dynamics. |
|
For
a
more systematic approach to fully exploit TEST, visit the Tutorial of TEST. |